nitrohydrochloric acid

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nitrohydrochloric acid

A chemist carefully handles a beaker of nitrohydrochloric acid under a fume hood.

Definition

Noun: A highly corrosive, fuming yellow liquid mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid, typically in a 1:3 ratio. It is capable of dissolving noble metals, such as gold and platinum, which do not react with either acid alone.

Usage

This term is used primarily in chemistry and metallurgy to refer to a specific, powerful solvent mixture. * Nitrohydrochloric acid is essential for dissolving gold samples in analytical chemistry. * The fume hood must be used when handling nitrohydrochloric acid due to its toxic and corrosive vapors.

Advanced Usage
  • Aqua Regia: This is the common historical and alternative name for nitrohydrochloric acid, meaning "royal water" in Latin, reflecting its ability to dissolve the "royal" metal, gold.
    • The alchemists named it aqua regia because it could dissolve gold.
Variants and Related Words
  • Aqua Regia: The most common synonym for nitrohydrochloric acid.
Synonyms
  • Aqua regia
Notes on Meaning

This term refers exclusively to the specific mixture of acids. It is not a distinct chemical compound but a mixture that generates reactive species, such as chlorine and nitrosyl chloride, which are responsible for its dissolving power.

nitrohydrochloric acid

A chemist carefully handles a beaker of nitrohydrochloric acid under a fume hood.

Noun
  1. a yellow fuming corrosive mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acid that dissolves metals (including gold)

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